Science Ncert Exemplar 2019 Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 1 Nutrition In Plants are provided here with simple step-by-step explanations. These solutions for Nutrition In Plants are extremely popular among class 7 students for Science Nutrition In Plants Solutions come handy for quickly completing your homework and preparing for exams. All questions and answers from the Science Ncert Exemplar 2019 Book of class 7 Science Chapter 1 are provided here for you for free. You will also love the ad-free experience on Meritnation’s Science Ncert Exemplar 2019 Solutions. All Science Ncert Exemplar 2019 Solutions for class 7 Science are prepared by experts and are 100% accurate.
Page No 1:
Question 1:
Organisms which prepare food for themselves using simple naturally available raw materials are referred to as
(a) heterotrophs
(b) autotrophs
(c) parasites
(d) saprophytes
Answer:
Heterotrophs are the organisms that take in food prepared by other organisms. Autotrophs are the organisms the prepare their food from simple substances such as water and carbon dioxide. Parasites are the organisms that live on or in other organisms called the host and derive their nutrition from them. Saprotrophs are the organisms that take their food from dead and decaying matter.
Hence, the correct answer is option (b).
Page No 1:
Question 2:
In the absence of which of the following will photosynthesis not occur in leaves?
(a) Guard cells
(b) Chlorophyll
(c) Vacuole
(d) Space between cells
Answer:
Photosynthesis is the process used by plants to make their own food using simple substances such as water, carbon dioxide and some minerals. The presence of sunlight and the green pigment, chlorophyll is also essential for photosynthesis to occur. Chlorophyll absorbs the energy of the sunlight. This energy is used to synthesise food from carbon dioxide and water.
Hence, the correct answer is option (b).
Page No 1:
Question 3:
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
(i) All green plants can prepare their own food.
(ii) Most animals are autotrophs.
(iii) Carbon dioxide is not required for photosynthesis.
(iv) Oxygen is liberated during photosynthesis.
Choose the correct answer from the options below:
(a) (i) and (iv) (b) (ii) only
(c) (ii) and (iii) (d) (i) and (ii)
Answer:
Among the given four statements, statements (i) and (iv) are correct and statements (ii) and (iv) are incorrect. Most animals are heterotrophs, not autotrophs because they cannot prepare their own food and depend on plants for their nutrition. Carbon dioxide and water are the raw materials for photosynthesis so carbon dioxide is required for photosynthesis.
Hence, the correct answer is option (a).
Page No 1:
Question 4:
Pitcher plant traps insects because it
(a) is a heterotroph.
(b) grows in soils which lack in nitrogen.
(c) does not have chlorophyll.
(d) has a digestive system like human beings.
Answer:
Some plants such as pitcher plant live in places where the soil is poor in nutrients such as nitrogen. These plants can synthesis their own food through photosynthesis but in order to meet their requirements of nitrogen, these plants have modified their plant parts to trap insects. The trapped insects are then digested to absorb their nutrients.
Hence, the correct answer is option (b).
Page No 1:
Question 5:
The term that is used for the mode of nutrition in yeast, mushroom and bread-mould is
(a) autotrophic
(b) insectivorous
(c) saprophytic
(d) parasitic
Answer:
Yeast, mushroom and bread mould are fungi that grow on dead and decaying matter and absorb their nutrients from it. Such a mode of nutrition is called saprophytic nutrition.
Hence, the correct answer is option (c).
Page No 2:
Question 6:
When we observe the lower surface of a leaf through a magnifying lens we see numerous small openings. Which of the following is the term given to such openings?
(a) Stomata
(b) Lamina
(c) Midrib
(d) Veins
Answer:
Numerous small openings surrounded by two guard cells present on the lower surface of a leaf are called stomata. The broad, flat and green part of the leaf is called the lamina. The central thick part at the centre of the leaf is called the midrib. The thin lines branching out from the midrib are called veins.
Hence, the correct answer is option (a).
Page No 2:
Question 7:
Two organisms are good friends and live together. One provides shelter, water, and nutrients while the other prepares and provides food. Such an association of organisms is termed as
(a) saprophyte
(b) parasite
(c) autotroph
(d) symbiosis
Answer:
In the given case, two organisms are good friends living together and both are beneficial for each other - one provides shelter, water and nutrients and the other prepares and provides food. Such an association in which two organisms live together as partners and both the partners are benefited from each other is called symbiosis. Saprophyte is an organism that derives its nutrients from the dead and decaying matter. A parasite is an organism which lives on or in the body of other organism called the host and obtains ready-made food from the host to fulfil its nutrition requirements. In such an association, the host is harmed and the parasite is benefited. An autotroph is an organism that can synthesise its own food from simpler substances.
Hence, the correct answer is option (d).
Page No 2:
Question 8:
Which of the following raw material is available in the air for photosynthesis?
(a) Oxygen
(b) Carbon dioxide
(c) Nitrogen
(d) Hydrogen
Answer:
The two raw materials required by plants for photosynthesis are water and carbon dioxide. Plants obtain water from the soil and carbon dioxide from the air.
Hence, the correct answer is option (b).
Page No 2:
Question 9:
Potato and ginger are both underground parts that store food. Where is the food prepared in these plants?
Answer:
In plants, leaves contain a green pigment called chlorophyll. This pigment captures the energy of sunlight which is used to synthesis food in the form of carbohydrates from water and carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. Once the food is synthesised, it is transported to other parts of the plants for its use and storage. So, in plants such as potato and ginger, food is prepared by the leaves present above ground and transported to underground parts for storage.
Page No 2:
Question 10:
Photosynthesis requires chlorophyll, and a few other raw materials. Add the missing raw materials to the list given below: Water, minerals, _____________, ______________.
(a) (b)
Answer:
The missing raw materials to the list given below are:
Water, minerals, carbon dioxide, sunlight.
(a) (b)
Page No 2:
Question 11:
A goat eats away all the leaves of a small plant (balsam). However, in a few days, new leaves could be seen sprouting in the plant again. How did the plant survive without leaves?
Answer:
The leaves of a plant synthesise food through photosynthesis for the whole plant. The synthesised food is transported from leaves to other parts for use and storage. So, even if all the leaves of a small plant, balsam, are eaten away by a goat, the plant can survive on the stored food until new leaves sprout in few days and start the synthesis of food through photosynthesis.
Page No 3:
Question 12:
Unscramble the following to form terms related to modes of nutrition.
(i) RASPAEIT
(ii) ROPEHYTSAP
(iii) TOROPHAUT
(iv) SIBIOMSYS
Answer:
The unscrambled terms related to modes of nutrition are:
(i) PARASITE
(ii) SAPROPHYTE
(iii) AUTOTROPH
(iv) SYMBIOSIS
Page No 3:
Question 13:
Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plant growth. But farmers who cultivate pulse crops like green gram, bengal gram, black gram, etc. do not apply nitrogenous fertilizers during cultivation. Why?
Answer:
The pulse crops like green gram, Bengal gram, black gram, etc. have a bacterium called Rhizobium in their roots. This bacterium cannot make its food but takes the atmospheric nitrogen and fixes it into the usable form. The bacterium living in the roots of pulse crops supplies this usable form of nitrogen to them and in return, pulse crops provide food and shelter to the bacterium. So, both pulse crops and Rhizobium are benefitted and are in a symbiotic relationship. Such an association of pulse crops with Rhizobium removes their dependency on nitrogen available in the soil thus, farmers do not have to apply nitrogenous fertilisers during the cultivation of pulse crops.
Page No 3:
Question 14:
Wheat dough if left in the open, after a few days, starts to emit a foul smell and becomes unfit for use. Give reason.
Answer:
The wheat dough has carbohydrates. If it is left open for a few days, saprophytic fungi such as yeast and bread mould will start growing on the wheat dough. During their growth, these saprophytes break down the carbohydrates of wheat dough to obtain their nutrition. The breakdown of carbohydrates results in the emission of foul smell and loss of nutrition value of wheat dough. Thus, the wheat dough becomes spoiled and unfit for use after it is left open for a few days.
Page No 3:
Question 15:
Sunlight, chlorophyll, carbon dioxide, water and minerals are raw materials essential for photosynthesis. Do you know where they are available? Fill in the blanks with the appropriate raw materials.
(a) Available in the plant : _______________
(b) Available in the soil : _______________, _______________
(c) Available in the air : _______________
(d) Available during day : _______________
Answer:
The raw material(s) essential for photosynthesis that is/are
(a) Available in the plant: Chlorophyll
(b) Available in the soil: Water, minerals
(c) Available in the air: Carbon dioxide
(d) Available during day: Sunlight
Page No 3:
Question 16:
Observe the diagram given as Figure 1.1 and label the following terms given in the box.
stomatal opening, | guard cell |
![](/img/site_content/ask-answer/loader.gif)
Figure 1.1
Answer:
![](/img/site_content/ask-answer/loader.gif)
Page No 4:
Question 17:
Match the organisms given in Column I with their mode of nutrition given in Column II.
Column I | Column II |
(a) Mango Tree | (i) Insectivorous Plant |
(b) Mushroom | (ii) Heterotroph |
(c) Pitcher Plant | (iii) Autotroph |
(d) Cuscuta | (iv) Saprophyte |
(e) Elephant | (v) Parasitic |
Answer:
Column I | Column II |
(a) Mango Tree | (iii) Autotroph |
(b) Mushroom | (iv) Saprophyte |
(c) Pitcher Plant | (i) Insectivorous Plant |
(d) Cuscuta | (v) Parasitic |
(e) Elephant | (ii) Heterotroph |
Page No 4:
Question 18:
Wild animals like tiger, wolf, lion and leopard do not eat plants. Does this mean that they can survive without plants? Can you provide a suitable explanation?
Answer:
Wild animals like tiger, wolf, lion and leopard are carnivores, that is, they eat the flesh of other organisms. The other organisms may be herbivores or carnivores. Herbivores are plant-eating animals. If there are no plants, herbivores cannot survive. If herbivores are not present, carnivores would also die. So, carnivores are indirectly dependent on plants for their survival. Hence, carnivores cannot survive without plants.
Page No 4:
Question 19:
Fill in the blanks of the paragraph given below with the words provided in the box.
chlorophyll, energy, food, carbon dioxide, water, photosynthesis
Note: A word can be used more than once.
Leaves have a green pigment called (a) which captures (b) from sunlight. This (c) is used in the process of (d) and along with other raw materials like (e) and (f) synthesize (g) .
Answer:
Leaves have a green pigment called chlorophyll which captures energy from sunlight. This energy is used in the process of photosynthesis and along with other raw materials like water and carbon dioxide synthesize food.
Page No 4:
Question 20:
Spot as many organisms as possible in the puzzle given as in the given figure by encircling them as shown. Write the names on a sheet of paper and categorise them into autotrophs and heterotrophs. Classify the heterotrophs into herbivores, carnivores, omnivores and saprophytes.
Answer:
![](/img/site_content/ask-answer/loader.gif)
The names of the organisms spotted in the given figure are:
Banyan, Rabbit, Mango, Rose, Tiger, Crow, Bhindi, Ginger, Cow, Mushroom, Mice, Fox, Elephant, Bee, Yeast, Carrot, Tulsi, Yam, Owl, Ant, Fish
Classification of these organisms into autotrophs and heterotrophs is:
Autotrophs | Banyan, Mango, Rose, Bhindi, Ginger, Carrot, Tulsi, Yam |
Heterotrophs | Rabbit, Tiger, Crow, Cow, Mushroom, Mice, Fox, Elephant, Bee, Yeast, Owl, Ant, Fish |
Classification of hetertrophs into herbivores, carnivores, omnivores and saprophytes is:
Herbivores | Rabbit, Elephant, Bee, Cow |
Carnivores | Tiger, Fox |
Omnivores | Crow, Mice, Ant, Fish, Owl |
Saprophytes | Mushroom, Yeast |
Page No 5:
Question 21:
Can you give me a name?
Solve each of the following riddles by writing the name of the organism and its mode of nutrition. One riddle is solved to help you.
(a) I am tall but I cannot move. I am green and can prepare my own food. tree, autotroph
(b) I live in water; people keep me in an aquarium and feed me. _____________,__________________
(c) I am small and I can fly. I disturb your sleep, bite you and suck your blood which is my food. ,
(d) I am white and soft. I grow well in the rainy season. Children pluck me from the ground and admire me. I absorb nutrients from decomposed dead parts of plants and animals in the soil. ,
Answer:
(a) I am tall but I cannot move. I am green and can prepare my own food. tree, autotroph
(b) I live in water; people keep me in an aquarium and feed me. fish, heterotroph
(c) I am small and I can fly. I disturb your sleep, bite you and suck your blood which is my food. mosquito, parasite
(d) I am white and soft. I grow well in the rainy season. Children pluck me from the ground and admire me. I absorb nutrients from decomposed dead parts of plants and animals in the soil. mushroom, saprotroph
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