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Page No 80:
Question 1:
Match the proper terms from columns A and C with the description in column B.
'A' | 'B' | 'C' |
Thallophyta | Seeds are formed in fruits | Fern |
Bryophyta | No natural covering on seeds | Cycas |
Pteridophyta | These plants mainly grow in water | Tamarind |
Gymnosperms | These plants need water for reproduction | Moss |
Angiosperms | Tissues are present for conduction of water and food | Algae |
Answer:
â
'A' |
'B' | 'C' |
Thallophyta |
These plants mainly grow in water | Algae |
Bryophyta |
These plants need water for reproduction |
Moss |
Pteridophyta | Tissues are present for conduction of water and food |
Fern |
Gymnosperms |
No natural covering on seeds | Cycas |
Angiosperms |
Seeds are formed in fruits | Tamarind |
Page No 80:
Question 2:
a. .................... plants have soft and fibre-like body.
Answer:
Page No 80:
Question 3:
a. Write the charateristics of subkingdom Phanerogams.
Answer:
- well-differentiated and visible reproductive tissues that ultimately make seeds.
- seeds consists of the embryo along with stored food which helps in the initial growth of the embryo during germination
b.
Monocots |
Dicots |
The embryo in a monocot seed has one cotyledon. |
The embryo in a dicot seed has two cotyledons. |
The sepals or petals are in multiples of three. |
The sepals or petals are in multiples of four or five. |
The stem vascular bundles are scattered. |
The stem vascular bundles are arranged in a ring. |
The leaves have parallel venation. |
The leaves have reticulate venation. |
They have fibrous or adventitious roots. |
They have a tap-root system. |
c. Ferns belong to the division pteridophyta. The plant body of a pteridophyte is differentiated into root, stem and leaves. They are found in cool, damp and shady places and have specialized tissues for the conduction of water and food. Ferns are economically important plants as they are used for ornamental purposes. Some of the ornamental ferns are the sword fern- Nephrolepis, the holly fern - Cyrtomium, the leatherleaf fern - Rumohra.
d. Spirogyra is a type of green algae which belongs to the division Thallophyta. It does not have specific parts like leaves, stems etc. It contains chlorophyll and is thus autotrophic in nature. It contains spiral chloroplasts and thin unbranched chains of cylindrical cells.
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e. The characteristics of bryophytes are-
- They are the first plants to live on land, but require moist conditions to survive. For this reason they are called ‘the amphibians of plant kingdom’.
- They are non-vascular, i.e., they do not have specialized vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) for the conduction of water and food.
- They lack true roots, stem and leaves. But, they show more body differentiation than thallophytes.
- They have rhizoids instead of true roots.
- They do not bear flowers and seeds.
- They reproduce both sexually as well as asexually.
- Bryophytes exhibits 'alternation of generations' in which gametophytic phase (haploid) alternates with sporophytic phase (diploid).
- Examples of bryophytes: Riccia, Marchantia, Funaria
Page No 80:
Question 4:
Marchantia, Funaria, Fern, Spirogyra.
Answer:
a. Marchantia
â
b. Funaria
c. Fern
d. Spirogyra
Page No 80:
Question 5:
Collect a monocot and dicot plant available in your area. Observe the plants carefully and describe them in scientific language.
Answer:
It is an acitvity based question. Kindly do it yourself.
Page No 80:
Question 6:
Which criteria are used for the classification of plants? Explain with reasons.
Answer:
Plants are divided on the basis of various characteristics like:
- Differentiation of plant body into roots, stem and leaves
- Vascular tissues
- Production of seeds
- Covering of seeds
- Number of cotyledons in a seed
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