a). Molecular formula of a compound in a homogeneous Series is C2H40. What is the molecule are formula of its next number?
b). State the principle of the following techniques taking an example in each case
1. Steam distillation
2. Chromatography
Dear Student,
Question (a):- Molecular formula of a compound in a homologous Series is C2H40. What is the molecule are formula of its next number?
Answer- A group or a series of organic compounds each containing a characteristic functional group forms a homologous series and the members of the series are called homologues. The members of a homologous series can be represented by general molecular formula and the successive members differ from each other in molecular formula by a –CH2 unit.
Given Molecular formula is C2H4O
C2H4O is CH3CHO (Its functional group is -CHO group that is aldehyde group end with name 'al')
Name:- Ethanal (CH3CHO)
Its next member will be- CH3CH2CHO (Propanal)
Question b i) State the principle of the following techniques taking an example in each case
1. Steam distillation
2. Chromatography
Answer:- 1. Steam Distillation:- This method is used to separate the substances which are steam volatile and insoluble in water. This method is mainly based on the principle that a liquid boils at a temperature when its vapour pressure becomes equal to the atmospheric temperature. The vapour pressure of a mixture of two immiscible liquid is equal to the sum of the vapour pressure of the individual liquids.
For example:- Aniline is separated by this technique from aniline – water mixture
2. Chromatography:-
Chromatography was first given by Mikhail Tswett, in 1906. He used first time for the separation of coloured substances found in plants. chromatography to separate mixtures into their components, purify compounds and also to test the purity of compounds. It is based on the difference in movement of individual components of a mixture through the stationary phase under the influence of mobile phase.
Question (a):- Molecular formula of a compound in a homologous Series is C2H40. What is the molecule are formula of its next number?
Answer- A group or a series of organic compounds each containing a characteristic functional group forms a homologous series and the members of the series are called homologues. The members of a homologous series can be represented by general molecular formula and the successive members differ from each other in molecular formula by a –CH2 unit.
Given Molecular formula is C2H4O
C2H4O is CH3CHO (Its functional group is -CHO group that is aldehyde group end with name 'al')
Name:- Ethanal (CH3CHO)
Its next member will be- CH3CH2CHO (Propanal)
Question b i) State the principle of the following techniques taking an example in each case
1. Steam distillation
2. Chromatography
Answer:- 1. Steam Distillation:- This method is used to separate the substances which are steam volatile and insoluble in water. This method is mainly based on the principle that a liquid boils at a temperature when its vapour pressure becomes equal to the atmospheric temperature. The vapour pressure of a mixture of two immiscible liquid is equal to the sum of the vapour pressure of the individual liquids.
For example:- Aniline is separated by this technique from aniline – water mixture
2. Chromatography:-
Chromatography was first given by Mikhail Tswett, in 1906. He used first time for the separation of coloured substances found in plants. chromatography to separate mixtures into their components, purify compounds and also to test the purity of compounds. It is based on the difference in movement of individual components of a mixture through the stationary phase under the influence of mobile phase.
For example, A dye can be separated by chromatography and plant contains so many organic compounds can be separated by Thin-layer Chromatography, Paper chromatography and column chromatography etc.
Hope this information will clear your doubts about topic.
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If you have any more doubts just ask here on the forum and our experts will try to help you out as soon as possible.
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