there occurs an exchange of material bw the foetal blood and maternal blood but no actual mixing of the maternal and foetal blood takes place . how is it possible?

Dear Student.
Please find below the solution to the asked query.
 
Placenta is an organ found only in mammals during development of foetus. It is made up of cells derived from both mother and foetus.  Placenta allows the exchange of materials between mother and foetus. It allows the transfer of nutrients and oxygen from mother to foetus but doesn't allow the mixing of maternal and foetal blood. This separation is maintained by fetal trophoblasts and endothelial cells. Nutrients and waste products can easily diffuse by concentration gradients. 

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IT IS DUE TO PRESENCE OF PLACENTA
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